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| title = Prime Minister | before_election = Ahmet Davutoğlu | before_party = Justice and Development Party (Turkey) | after_election = Ahmet Davutoğlu | after_party = Justice and Development Party (Turkey) }} The Turkish general election of November 2015 was held on 1 November 2015 throughout the 85 electoral districts of Turkey to elect 550 members to the Grand National Assembly. It was the 25th general election in the History of the Republic of Turkey and elected the country's 26th Parliament. The election resulted in the Justice and Development Party (AKP) regaining a Parliamentary majority following a 'shock' victory, having lost it five months earlier in the June 2015 general election. The snap election was called by President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan on 24 August 2015 after the June election resulted in a hung parliament and coalition negotiations broke down. Although the election, dubbed as a 're-run' of the inconclusive June election by President Erdoğan, was the 7th early election in the history of Turkish politics, it was the first to be overseen by an interim election government. The election rendered the 25th Parliament of Turkey, elected in June, the shortest in the Grand National Assembly's history, lasting for just five months and being in session for a total of 33 hours.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=33 saat çalışan vekiller 25. dönemi böyle kapattı: CHP:1300, MHP:502, HDP: 420, AKP:0 )〕 The election took place amid security concerns after ceasefire negotiations between the government and Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) rebels collapsed in July, causing a resumption in separatist conflict in the predominately Kurdish south-east of the country. Close to 150 security personnel lost their lives in the ensuing conflict, causing tensions between Turkish and Kurdish nationalists and raising security concerns over whether an election could have been peacefully conducted in the south-east, where conditions were described as a 'worsening bloodshed' by observers.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=İşte terörün 93 günlük bilançosu )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Urban killings, air strikes as bloodshed worsens in Turkish southeast )〕〔http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/teror-saldirilarinda-93-gunluk-bilanco-bin-740-terorist-olduruldu-30258824〕 Critics accused the government of deliberately sparking the conflict in order to win back votes it had lost to the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) and decrease the turnout in Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) strongholds.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Huffington Post: Erdoğan oy için iç savaş başlattı )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Turkey PKK conflict: Turks question explosion in tensions )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=HDP co-chairs accuse gov’t over spiraling violence – POLITICS )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Turkey sends ground forces into Iraq after militant attacks )〕 The election was preceded by the deadliest terrorist attack in Turkey's modern history, after two suicide bombers killed 102 people attending a peace rally in central Ankara.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=At Least 97 Dead After Twin Bombings In Ankara )〕 Numerous political parties, notably the main opposition Republican People's Party (CHP), ended up either entirely cancelling or significantly toning down their election campaigns following the attack. Fehmi Demir, the leader of the Rights and Freedoms Party (HAK-PAR), was killed in a traffic accident six days before the election. Amid speculation that the election would likely result in a second hung parliament, pollsters and commentators were found to have drastically underestimated the AKP vote, which bore resemblance to their record 2011 election victory.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=1 Kasım’dan sonra tekrar seçim var )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Turkey snap election called after coalition talks fail )〕 With 49.5% of the vote and 317 seats, the party won a comfortable majority of 84, while the CHP retained its main opposition status with 134 seats and 25.4% of the vote. The results were widely seen as a 'shock' win for the AKP and was hailed as a massive personal victory for President Erdoğan.〔http://www.abc.net.au/am/content/2015/s4343292.htm〕〔http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3299300/Shock-Turkish-election-result-hailed-massive-personal-victory-President-Erdogan-party-stuns-pollsters-regain-majority-rule.html〕 The MHP and the HDP both saw decreases in support, with both hovering dangerously close to the 10% election threshold needed to win seats. The MHP, which was seen to have been punished for its perceivably unconstructive stance since June, halved their parliamentary representation from 80 to 40 and won 11.9% of the vote, while the HDP came third in terms of seats with 59 MPs despite coming fourth in terms of votes with 10.7%.〔http://www.dailysabah.com/elections/2015/11/03/chp-mhp-and-hdp-destined-to-remain-in-opposition〕 Unlike the June election, opposition parties and election observers raised concerns over fairness of the election conduct, with the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) denouncing the process as 'unfair'. The Organisation for Security and Co-operarion in Europe (OSCE) claimed that concerns over media bias and voter safety cast a 'shadow' over the results, while political parties expressed suspicions over a controversial collapse in the Supreme Electoral Council's ballot tracking systems during the counting process as well as irregularities in the voting procedure.〔http://www.todayszaman.com/anasayfa_pace-to-observe-upcoming-snap-election_400040.html〕〔http://www.amerikaninsesi.com/content/uluslararasi-gozlemcilerden-1-kasim-secimi-yorumu/3033626.html〕〔http://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/secim_2015/401977/YSK_sistemi_bu_tweet_lerden_sonra_mi_kapatti_.html〕〔http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-34696489〕 ==Background== Turkish politics is largely dominated by four main parties. The largest is the right-wing Islamist rooted Justice and Development Party (AKP), which has been described as a conservative democratic party and has been in power since winning a landslide victory in the 2002 general election. The main opposition Republican People's Party (CHP) has remained as the second largest party since 2002, observing a centre-left social democratic and Kemalist ideology. The Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) observes a Turkish nationalist ideology and has maintained third party status in Parliament since the 2007 general election. The Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) was founded in 2012 and originates from the left-wing Peoples' Democratic Congress. It is largely seen as a pro-Kurdish party and maintains an ideology of minority rights and anti-capitalism. All four parties surpassed the 10% election threshold in the June 2015 general election and won representation in Parliament, with no party winning a majority to govern alone. Smaller parties include the Islamist Felicity Party (SP), the left-wing nationalist Patriotic Party (VP), the centrist Independent Turkey Party (BTP) and the social democratic Democratic Left Party (DSP), though neither party managed to command a significant amount of support in previous elections. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Turkish general election, November 2015」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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